For three decades, the story of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) has been held up as one of modern vaccinology’s cleanest victories. A bacterium that once filled pediatric wards with meningitis and epiglottitis...
The 1990s witnessed a dramatic resurgence of diphtheria in the Newly Independent States (NIS) of the former Soviet Union, culminating in the largest epidemic of the vaccine era to date. This crisis, with over 140,000...