Evidence from leading journals since 2021 consistently documents both pronounced vaccine inequity between countries and substantial within‑country access gaps, especially for COVID‑19 but also for routine childhood...
Download Infographic Overview Vaccines contain active ingredients (antigens; mRNA) and inactive ingredients such as stabilizers, antimicrobials, inactivating agents, antibiotics, and residues from the production...
In the wake of the COVID19 pandemic and the evolution of mRNA vaccines, the global vaccine industry in 2025 is characterized by rapid expansion of manufacturing capacity, especially for mRNA and other novel platforms...
Western Companies Pfizer updated its public R&D pipeline on 4 November 2025, highlighting late-stage vaccine assets (including RSV, meningococcal, and next-generation COVID products) while signaling a more selective...
The first modern Lyme vaccine, LYMErix, was an OspA-based recombinant subunit vaccine that showed good efficacy and acceptable safety in phase III trials but ultimately failed due to a confluence of scientific...
Kyasanur Forest Disease (KFD) is a neglected, tick‑borne viral haemorrhagic fever of the Western Ghats (India) that has expanded geographically since its first recognition in 1957 in Shimoga district, Karnataka. The KFD...
Western vaccine manufacturers Pfizer-BioNTech: Expanded RSV vaccine recommendations for older adults The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) updated its guidance to recommend the Pfizer-BioNTech RSV vaccine...
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the primary cause of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), leading to increasing severity and long-term neurological sequelae, including brainstem encephalitis, that can lead to fulminant...
The incidence of Clostridiodes difficile infection (CDI) and related hospitalisation has fallen in recent decades, but CDI is still a highly relevant disease and the downward trend may be starting to reverse. [1-3]...