Neuraminidase-based inactivated influenza vaccine demonstrates significant protection in swine

References                                  Kaplan BS, Souza CK, Kimble JB, et al. A neuraminidase-based inactivated influenza virus vaccine significantly reduced virus replication and pathology following homologous challenge in swine. Vaccine. 2025;46:126574. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126574 Summary This study evaluates the efficacy of a neuraminidase (NA)-based whole inactivated virus (WIV) vaccine in controlling influenza A virus (IAV) in swine. The vaccine, formulated with recombinant H9N2 viruses containing NA proteins from two predominant clades (N2-2002A.2 and N2-2002B.2), induced robust neuraminidase-inhibiting (NAI) antibodies in pigs. Following vaccination and challenge with homologous or heterologous H3N2 viruses, vaccinated pigs exhibited reduced viral replication, shedding, and lung pathology compared to unvaccinated controls: Vaccinated pigs developed high titers of NAI antibodies, which cross-reacted across phylogenetic NA clades. Homologous NA vaccination significantly reduced viral titers in nasal swabs, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and lung and tracheal lesions. Cross-protection was observed with heterologous NA challenges,...